What is Heartworm and Why is Testing Important?
Heartworm is a potentially fatal disease in dogs that is caused by foot-long worms (heartworms) that live in the heart, lungs and associated blood vessels of affected pets, causing severe lung disease, heart failure, and damage to other organs in the body.
As a responsible caregiver, you need to be aware of the severity of heartworm disease and the importance of regular testing. Early detection is crucial. Heartworms can live for up to 7 years in your dog and each worm that makes its home in your dog can lead to worsening health and complications.
Understanding the Heartworm Testing Procedure
Testing for heartworms involves a simple blood test that can be done right in your vet’s office. It’s fast, relatively painless, and can give you peace of mind knowing your dog’s health status. Here’s what to expect:
- Blood Sample: Your vet will take a small blood sample from your dog.
- In-House Testing: The blood sample is then tested in-house for heartworm proteins (antigens).
- Results: You’ll receive results typically within 10 minutes.
The Role of Preventatives in Heartworm Testing
You might be thinking, “My dog is on heartworm preventatives, so why do I need to test?” Good question. Heartworm preventatives are excellent tools for preventing heartworm disease, but they’re not 100% foolproof.
- Resistance: Some heartworms have developed resistance to preventatives.
- Missed Doses: If your dog misses a dose, they could be at risk.
- Product Failure: Though rare, product failures can occur.
When Should You Test Your Dog for Heartworm?
For most dogs, annual heartworm testing is sufficient. However, there are some situations where more frequent testing might be recommended. These are:
| Situation | Recommended Testing Frequency |
|---|---|
| Puppy under 7 months | Start heartworm prevention without testing |
| Puppy over 7 months | Test prior to starting prevention and again 6 months later |
| Adult dog, not on prevention | Test ASAP, then again 6 months later |
| Adult dog, on prevention | Annual testing |
Regular Check-ups and Early Detection
Routine vet check-ups are vital for early detection of heartworm disease. If your dog tests positive, there are treatments available, but they can be costly and have potential side effects. Prevention is always the best course of action.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How is heartworm transmitted?
A: Heartworms are transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Q: Can my dog get heartworms even if they’re mostly indoors?
A: Yes, mosquitoes can get indoors, so even mostly-indoor dogs are at risk.
Q: What are the symptoms of heartworm disease in dogs?
A: Symptoms may include fatigue, weight loss, decreased appetite, and coughing.
Q: What breeds are susceptible to heartworm?
A: All breeds can get heartworm disease. It’s not breed-specific.
Q: What is the treatment for heartworm disease?
A: Treatment is a series of injections that kill the adult heartworms. It’s costly and can have side effects, which is why prevention is key.
