As a caregiver, you may have numerous questions that cross your mind when it comes to the health and behavior of your female dog. One of the most common questions that caregivers often find themselves asking is: “Do female dogs’ vulva swell when in heat?” The answer to this question is yes, but there’s a lot more to it than a simple yes or no.
Understanding the Heat Cycle
Understanding the heat cycle of a female dog can be complex, but it’s crucial for a responsible caregiver to grasp this aspect of their dog’s life. A female dog, or bitch, usually goes into heat or ‘estrus’ twice a year. This is the time when she is receptive to mating.
Stages of the Heat Cycle
The entire heat cycle lasts about six months, and it’s divided into four stages.
- Proestrus: This is the start of the heat cycle. The vulva begins to swell and bloody discharge is common. This stage lasts about 9 days.
- Estrus: This is the stage when your dog is ready to mate. Her discharge may lighten in color and the vulva remains swollen. This stage lasts about 9 days as well.
- Diestrus: Pregnancy occurs if mating happened. If not, the dog’s body begins to return to normal. This stage lasts about 60 days.
- Anestrus: This is the period of rest between heat cycles, lasting about 15 weeks.
The Physical Changes
When a female dog is in heat, one of the most noticeable changes is the enlargement or swelling of her vulva.
Swelling of the Vulva
The swelling of the vulva in a female dog is a natural part of her estrus cycle. This is one of the first signs that a dog is in heat. The vulva will appear larger and more protruded than usual.
Other Physical Changes
In addition to the swelling of the vulva, there are other physical changes that you may notice:
- Discharge: A bloody discharge from the vulva is common during the proestrus stage.
- Increased Urination: Dogs in heat urinate more frequently.
- Changes in Behavior: Your dog may become more affectionate or display ‘flagging’ behavior where she raises her tail to the side.
Observing Behavior Changes
Physical changes aren’t the only signs of a dog in heat. Behavior changes can also be a clear indicator.
Increased Affection and Attention-Seeking Behavior
Your ordinarily independent dog might suddenly become excessively affectionate. She may follow you around more than usual, seeking your attention and petting.
Flagging
Your dog may present a unique behavior known as flagging. She will lift her tail base high, move it to the side, or even move it in circles. This is a clear invitation to prospective males that she is ready to mate.
Managing a Dog in Heat
As a caregiver, managing a dog in heat can be a challenge.
Keep Her Comfortable
Make sure she has a comfortable place to rest. Some dogs feel discomfort due to the swelling, and a soft bed can help alleviate this.
Supervise Her Outdoors
Always supervise your dog when she is outdoors. Male dogs can smell a female in heat from miles away, and you may have unwanted visitors in your yard.
Consider Dog Diapers
Dog diapers or protective pants can help manage the discharge and keep your home clean.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How long does the vulva stay swollen in a female dog in heat?
A: The swelling can last for 2 to 3 weeks and will gradually reduce after the heat cycle ends.
Q: Can I prevent my dog from going into heat?
A: Yes, spaying your dog will prevent her from going into heat and it also eliminates the risk of unwanted pregnancy and certain health issues like uterine infections or breast cancer.
Q: Can a dog’s behavior change permanently after being in heat?
A: No, any behavior changes observed during the heat cycle should return to normal once the cycle ends.
Q: Should I breed my dog every time she goes into heat?
A: No, overbreeding can lead to health issues. It’s recommended to wait until at least the third heat cycle before breeding, and then only breed once a year.
Q: How can I keep male dogs away from my female dog in heat?
A: Keep your dog indoors as much as possible and always supervise her when she is outdoors. You may also consider using a safe dog repellent to keep male dogs away.
